| Список статей / По темам | Аппарат научного знания в социологии: постановка задачи | Вернуться | Аннотация: Статья открывает цикл публикаций, в которых анализируются сходства и различия двух широко распространенных современных подходов к описанию общества - социологического и информационного. Оба подхода имеют одну и ту же методологическую проблему выражения скрытых знаний об обществе, которыми участники социальных процессов оперируют с помощью естественного языка в процессе социального общения. В статье предложено любые описания общества, формулируемые на естественном языке, структурировать в соответствии с основным принципом информационных технологий - модульностью. Предлагаемый таким образом способ согласования информационных и социологических методов построения знаний об обществе вызван необходимостью решения двух научных проблем, сформулированных в самой социологии – конструируемости социальных объектов и сложности их функциональных связей. Предложенные методологические принципы опробованы путем создания компьютерной программы, практическое применение которой продемонстрировано в публикациях авторов.
Ключевые слова: Социальное знание, естественно-языковое знание, скрытое знание, явное и неявное выражение знания, модульная организация знания, социологические и информационные методы построения знания
SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN SOCIOLOGY: PROBLEM STATEMENT
Gennady V. Kanygin
— Doctor of Sociology, Leading Researcher, Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Maria S. Poltinnikova
— Candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, Senior Researcher, Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
doi:10.33491/telescope2019.105
Summary: The article opens a cycle of publications, which analyze the similarities and differences between the two wide spread modern approaches to the description of society - sociological and informational ones. Both approaches have the same methodological problem to be solved. The problem of expressing hidden knowledge about society that participants in social processes operate with the help of natural language in the course of social communication. In order to harmonize sociological and informational approaches of describing society, it was proposed any natural language statements involved in describing society to be arranged according to the basic principle of information technology - modularity. The proposed way of harmonizing informational and sociological methods of building knowledge about society is invoked by the need to solve two scientific problems formulated in sociology itself - the constructability of social objects and the complexity of social relationships. The paper's methodological proposals are embodied in their computer realization, which practical application is demonstrated in other publications of the authors.
Key-words: Social knowledge, natural language knowledge, hidden knowledge, explicit and implicit expression of knowledge, modular organization of knowledge, sociological and informational methods of knowledge construction References
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